In 1809, Britain issued the first batch of patent certificates for water storage pens, marking the official birth of pens.

In early water storage pens, ink could not flow freely. The writer presses the piston before the ink starts to flow. After writing for a while, they have to press it again, otherwise the ink won't flow out. It's certainly inconvenient to write like this.

In 1829, British man James Bailey successfully developed the steel pen tip. It has undergone special processing, is smooth and elastic, and writes quite smoothly, which is highly popular among people. However, it is very troublesome for this type of pen to be dipped in ink for writing.

By 1884, an employee of an American insurance company named Waltman had invented a method of supplying ink using capillaries, which effectively solved the aforementioned problems. The tip of this pen can be removed and ink can be injected with a small dropper.

The earliest pen that could absorb ink on its own appeared in the early 20th century, using a piston to absorb ink. When a leather liner is used in the pen, an iron plate needs to be inserted into a gap to squeeze the liner and absorb ink. By 1952, there was another Schnocker pen that used a tube to insert water into ink, and it was not until 1956 that the commonly used capillary pen was invented. There are also some art pens, etc.